草酸的化學性質(zhì),質(zhì)量標準及用途

無色單斜片狀或棱柱體結(jié)晶或白色粉末。密度：1.653 ,熔點：101-102℃ ,沸點：86.9℃
折光率n20/D：1.45560在溫熱、干燥空氣中風化，可溶于水及乙醇。無氣味。150-160℃升華。在高熱干燥空氣中能風化。1g溶于7ml水、2ml沸水、2.5ml乙醇、1.8ml沸乙醇、100ml乙 、5.5ml甘油，不溶于苯、氯仿和石油醚。0.1mol/L溶液的pH值為1.3。低毒，半數(shù)致死量（兔，經(jīng)皮）2000mg/kg。
 

GB/T 9855-88
項目Item                                                        優(yōu)級純   分析純   化學純
                                                                        (GR)     (AR)    (CP)
含量(C₂H₂O₄·
2H₂O)Assay,%                                             ≥99.8     99.5     99.5
澄清度試驗Clarity                                        合格     合格     合格
水不溶物Insoluble matter in water,%             ≤0.002    0.005    0.01
灼燒殘渣（以硫酸鹽計）Ignition residue,%        ≤0.01     0.02     0.05
氯化鈉(Cl)Chloride,%                                ≤0.0005   0.002    0.005
硫酸鹽(SO₄)Sulfate,%                               ≤0.001    0.002    0.005
總氮量(N)Total nitrogen,%                       ≤0.001    0.002    0.005
鈣(Ca)Calcium,%                                      ≤0.001    0.003    0.005
鐵(Fe)Iron,%                                               ≤0.0002   0.0005   0.002
重金屬(以Pb計)Heavy metals,%                    ≤0.0002   0.0004   0.001
易碳化物質(zhì)Readily carboniz-able substance          合格     合格     合格

ACS級
項目名稱Item                                              ACS Grade
含量(H₂C₂O₄·2H₂O)Assay                                    99.5-102.5%
易炭化物質(zhì)Substances darkened by hot sulfuric acid         Passes test
水不溶物Insoluble matter                                   ≤0.005%
灼燒殘渣Residue after ignition                             ≤0.01%
氯化物(Cl)Chloride(Cl)                                     ≤0.002%
硫酸鹽(SO₄)Sulfate                                         ≤0.005%
鈣(Ca)Calcium(Ca)                                          ≤0.001%
氮化合物(以N計)Nitrogen compounds(as N)                    ≤0.001%
重金屬(以Pb計)Heavy metals(as Pb)                          ≤5ppm
鐵(Fe)Iron(Fe)                                             ≤2ppm


99.998% metals basis:


外觀Appearance                          White Powder
X-射線衍射分析X-Ray Diffraction         Conforms to Structure
紅外光譜鑒別Infrared spectrometry       Conforms to Structure 
純度Purity                              ≥99.998% Based on Trace Metals Impurities of ICP 
痕量金屬分析total metallic impurities   ≤20ppm by ICP Atomic emission


99.99% metals basis:


外觀Appearance                          White Powder
X-射線衍射分析X-Ray Diffraction         Conforms to Structure
紅外光譜鑒別Infrared spectrometry       Conforms to Structure 
純度Purity                              ≥99.99% Based on Trace Metals Impurities of ICP 
痕量金屬分析total metallic impurities   ≤100ppm by ICP Atomic emission


≥99.9999% (metals basis)：

外觀Appearance                          白色粉末或結(jié)晶
純度Purity                              ≥99.9999% Based On Trace Metals Analysis
總氮total nitrogen                      ≤10 ppm 
熔點mp                                  104-106 °C
anion traces by
  氯chloride (Cl-):                     ≤5000 ppb 
  磷酸根phosphate (PO43-):              ≤500 ppb 
  硫酸根sulfate (SO42-):                ≤2000 ppb
cation traces 
  Ag:                                   ≤0.01 ppm 
  Al:                                   ≤0.02 ppm 
  As:                                   ≤0.01 ppm 
  Au:                                   ≤0.001 ppm 
  Ba:                                   ≤0.1 ppm 
  Be:                                   ≤0.001 ppm 
  Bi:                                   ≤0.001 ppm 
  Ca:                                   ≤0.1 ppm 
  Cd:                                   ≤0.05 ppm 
  Ce:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Co:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Cr:                                   ≤0.01 ppm 
  Cs:                                   ≤0.01 ppm 
  Cu:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Dy:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Er:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Eu:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Fe:                                   ≤0.5 ppm 
  Ga:                                   ≤0.001 ppm 
  Gd:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Ge:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Hf:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Hg:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Ho:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  In:                                   ≤0.001 ppm 
  Ir:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  K:                                    ≤0.2 ppm 
  La:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Li:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Lu:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Mg:                                   ≤0.02 ppm 
  Mn:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Mo:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Na:                                   ≤0.1 ppm 
  Nb:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Nd:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Ni:                                   ≤0.01 ppm 
  Os:                                   ≤0.01 ppm 
  Pb:                                   ≤0.01 ppm 
  Pd:                                   ≤0.01 ppm 
  Pr:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Pt:                                   ≤0.05 ppm 
  Rb:                                   ≤0.01 ppm 
  Re:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Rh:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Ru:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Sb:                                   ≤0.001 ppm 
  Sc:                                   ≤0.05 ppm 
  Se:                                   ≤0.01 ppm 
  Sm:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Sn:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Sr:                                   ≤0.1 ppm 
  Ta:                                   ≤0.01 ppm 
  Tb:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Te:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Th:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Ti:                                   ≤0.02 ppm 
  Tl:                                   ≤0.001 ppm 
  Tm:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  U:                                    ≤0.001 ppm 
  V:                                    ≤0.01 ppm 
  W:                                    ≤0.005 ppm 
  Y:                                    ≤0.005 ppm 
  Yb:                                   ≤0.005 ppm 
  Zn:                                   ≤0.02 ppm 
  Zr:                                   ≤0.1 ppm 
 

在酸性鍍錫中作絡(luò)合劑，它與四氯化錫組成絡(luò)合鹽溶解在鍍錫溶液中。一般加入量為24～25 g/L。還可用于銅件拋光。鋁的草酸陽極氧化和硬質(zhì)陽極氧化溶液中，以及硫酸鹽鍍鐵和刷鍍絡(luò)等電鍍液中。

危險品標志  Xn,C 
危險類別碼  21/22 
WGK Germany  1 
RTECS號 RO2450000 
HazardClass  8 
PackingGroup  III 
安全說明  24/25